INDIAN INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH INTO TRUE HISTORY

 

Newsletter No. 13 of 16 June 1984

 

1. MAJOR EVENTS

 

1.1 Veer Savarkar Remembered in England

 

Due to our persistent efforts Veer Savarkar Centenary Committee has been formed in London. Friends of India Society arranged public meetings at Birmingham

(29 April) and Leicester (13 May) while Hindu Swayamsevak Sangh organised a meeting at Manchester (20 May). Mr Godbole was the main speaker at these meetings and explained many aspects of Savarkar's life, which are largely unknown. On 6 June a meeting was held in Committee Room No. 14 of the House of Commons. Despite it being held at a weekday and late in the evening (7:30 pm) many people attended. In fact about 80 of them had to stand up. The programme begun with Savarkar's famous song jayostute shree mahanmangale shivaspade shubhade. Mr Vidyasagar Anand was the main speaker. Rt. Honourable Reg Freeson M.P. read a message from Lord Brockway 97 who could not attend. Richard Balfe, member of the European Parliament paid his tributes.  Mr Sonpatki reminded us that when Savarkar came to London in 1906, the first thing he did was to attend the parliamentary debate on Indian budget and we are paying tribute to him in the same parliament 78 years later.  He read a letter from Mr John Taylor Claudwell, one of the few English sympathisers of Savarkar. Mr Godbole offered a vote of thanks and the programme ended with the universal prayer sung by Mrs Barve.

 

Our members would be delighted to know that due to efforts of Councillor Norman Howard and Mr Pendse, former Lord Mayor of London Borough of Brent, the Greater

London Council has agreed to put up a plaque on the house in Highgate where Savarkar used to live during 1906-1910.  Hopefully this would be done by the end of this year.

 

However, it is a great pity that Caxton Hall, London where Savarkar's public meetings caused so much sensation 75 years ago, may now be sold to private developers, (Daily Telegraph, 10 September 1983).  The place is not far from the Houses of Parliament.  Here, Savarkar organised the birthday celebration of Guru Govind Singh (December 1908); Dasara function (October 1909) when Gandhi also attended; and (in March 1940) Udham Singh shot and killed Sir Michael Odwyer, Governor of Punjab at the time of Jalianwala Bagh massacre.

 

1.2 Donation to Veer Savarkar’s Work and Punjab Crisis

Through "Escorts Ltd" of New Delhi, our member Dr K.T. Lalvani has donated

100,000 Rs (£6,666) to Veer Savarkar's work; 80,000 Rs for the memorial in Bombay and 20,000 Rs for Veer Savarkar Prakashan, which publishes his literature (speeches, poetry, newsletters etc). This donation was given as a token of gratitude for the help given by Mr Godbole in producing Dr Lalvani's booklet "Hindu – Sikh conflict in Punjab: causes and cure" which came out few months ago.  Mr Arvind Gosh our member from America tells us that the booklet was very well received by Sikhs in USA.  Mr Godbole's article in the booklet was edited and published in the 12th February 1984 issue of the English weekly "Organiser" of New Delhi. (Guru Govind Singh was a Hindu hero at par with Shivaji).

 

1.5 Koran and the Kafir

As expected Mr Ghosh's book "Koran and the Kafir" has been banned by the Government of India.  In fact they banned it on 18 November 1985.  Copies are still available from Mr Godbole.  A new and revised edition would probably be published in October this year.  We are sending our suggestions for improvement, certain information and references.

 

While celebrating the centenary of India's war of Independence of 1857 Veer Savarkar said at the public meeting in Ramleela ground New Delhi "I wish that every Hindu especially the young ones should study the Koran to understand the mentality of the Muslims" (10 May 1957).  Mr Ghosh has done well in trying to fulfil Savarkar's wishes.

 

1.4 European Scholars are changing their mind

Dr Bedekar founded "Institute for Oriental Study" at Thane in January this year. Dr L P Van den Bosch of University of Groningen, Netherlands, was the guest of honour.  He visited Taj Mahal with a copy of Mr Godbole's "Tourist Guide to Taj" and also read Hemant Gokhale's paper on symbolism in Taj Mahal.  During his discussions he said "Though I am not a historian, I agree with your conclusions to a great extent".  Dr Bedekar has been in touch with professors and scholars from many other countries and their reaction is also very encouraging.  Recently professors from Argentina and Yugoslavia also attended the programme on Paninian Grammar on 31 March 1984.  Mr Godbole's series "Taj Mahal and the Great British Conspiracy" is also making its impact, and convinces the scholars that our conclusions are based on thorough research and not on emotional outbursts.  We do not expect miracles overnight but things seem to be changing at last.

 

2. RESEARCH FINDINGS

2.1 The Battle of Baharaich: Our Forgotten Glorious Past

 

Mahmood of Gazani attacked Sorti Somnath, the famous Shiva temple in Gujrat, for the last time, in 1026. Mahmood Ghori attacked North India in 1192. What happened in the intermediate period of 166 years?  Were the Muslims just too tired of raids? The answer is NO - They did attack, but faced a fierce battle at Baharaich, 60 miles North East of Lucknow. The entire Muslim army was wiped out, on 14 June 1033.  Not one Muslim survived to tell people back in Iran this bitter news. And as a result they did not dare attack India for more than six generations. The details are given in "Meerat-e-Masudi" by Sheikh Abdul Rahman Chisti. He says - Mahmood of Gazni's sister Maula was married to Salar Sahu, the Sultan of Iran. Their son Masood aged 12 accompanied Mahmood of Gazni on his last attack on Somnath. In 1031 Masood with 50,000 horses accompanied by two generals Meer Hussain Arab and Ameer Vazid Jafar attacked India. He crossed Sind, defeated Rai Arjun of Sahoor and King Anangpal of Multan. He marched on to Delhi. Here he was joined by his uncle Salar Saifuddin, Meer Wakhtiar, Meer Sayyad Ajijuddin and Malik Bahruddin and their armies. They defeated Rai Mahipal after a battle of 5 days. Rajputs fought to the last man. They marched on to Meerut and Ujjain whose Hindu kings made friendship treaties. Later Saket was taken.

- Miyya Rajab and Salar Saifuddin took Baharaich. Ameer Hasan Arab took Mahoona, Malik Fazal took Banares. Sulutanu-s-Salateen and Mir Bakhatiar went south to Kannor and there Mir Bakhtiar was killed during a fight with the Hindus.

 

- Masood's father (King of Iran) Salar Sahu arrived at Saket with a large army. Kada and Manikpur states were taken. Hindus fought to the last man.

 

- On 14 June 1033 the entire Muslim army was wiped out at Bahraich during a pitch battle with a combined army of 17 Hindu Kings. They were Rai Raib, Rai Saib, Rai Arjun, Rai Bheekhan, Rai Kanak, Rai Kalyan, Rai Makaru, Rai Savaru, Rai aran, Rai Birbal, Rai Jaypal, Rai Shreepal, Rai Harpal, Rai Hakru, Rai Prabhu, Rai Deo Narayan and Rai Narsinha. They had 20 lakh (2 Million) horsemen and 30 lakh (3

million) footmen. Rai Sahar Deo and Rai Hardev also joined (Note - The figures of 2 million horsemen and 3 million footmen seem to be exaggerated). After the defeat of Salar Masood, Muzzafarkhan also died at Ajmer. His successors were driven out by the Hindus. All the temples were rehabitated. Bells rang without hindrance. This state of affairs continued for 200 years.

 

Ref. - Tawarikh-e-Mahamood (of Mahmood of Gazani)

           Tawarikh-e-Firozshahi

           Muntkhabut - Tawarikh

           etc.

 

It is astonishing that we Hindus should have forgotten this memorable battle for 950 years;

 

(Original paper in Hindi by Vinod Kumar Mishra of Prayag).

 

 

2.2 Mughals and Tuladan

Hindu Kings have, since time immemorial, weighed themselves publicly against gold, silver and other precious metals, and given them away to the learned and the needy. Historians tell us that Akbar, Jahangir, Shahjahan and even Aurangzeb (for 8 years) kept up this tradition. Is this true? Let us examine the accounts of European travellers of those days.

 

Sir Thomas Roe

At Mandu, Roe saw the Emperor (Jahangir) being weighed on his birthday, against a variety of precious metals and stones, a ceremony which he missed the previous year at Ajmer...... The emperor sat on one side of a pair of golden scales while bags of gold were placed to balance him on the other, followed by the same weight in silver, jewels and precious cloth and foodstuffs. Roe was unimpressed because the precious metals were not visible  (it being in bagqes might bee pibles) and he argue that since the sacks were carried inside again afterwards it was not likely that the goods would be distributed in charity as they were intended to be.

Ref. - The Embassy of Sir Thomas Roe to India 1615-19, edited by W Foster, London 1926, pages 221, 379.

 

After the weighing which Roe attended, Jahangir scattered imitation fruits made of silver, among his courtiers.  Roe was astounded both by the undignified scrambling on the floor which ensued and by the extraordinary thinness, and therefore cheapness of the silver - a detail which will be familiar to anyone who has eaten pure silver leaf on ordinary sweets and ice creams in India today.

Ref. - The Great Moghuls by Bamber Gascoigne, 1977, page 156.

 

Another author adds - Sir T Roe describes the scramble for thin pieces of silver, made to resemble different fruits, in rather contemptuous terms. The Mogul, Jahangir presented a basin full of them to him, but while he held them to his cloak the nobles snatched most of them from him. He estimates that the amount distributed did not exceed £100 in value. (Journal, Calcutta edition page 104) Terry, his chaplain, also describes the scene, (voyage, London 1777 edition p. 376)

Ref. - Travels in India by J B Tavernier.  Translated by Dr V Ball 1889 Book II pages 379-380.

 

Tavernier

This famous French jewel merchant writes in November 1665 "... I was a spectator of this grand festival which commenced on the 4th November and lasted five days. It is on the anniversary of the King's birthday that they are in the habit of weighing him, and if he should weigh more than in the preceding year, the rejoicing is much greater on that account. When he has been weighed, he seats himself on the richest of the thrones .... and then all the nobility of the kingdom come to salute him and make him presents. The ladies of the court send some also, and he receives others from all the Governors of Provinces and other exalted personages. In diamonds, rubies, emeralds, pearls, gold and silver, as well as rich carpets and horses, the king receives in presents on this day is the value of more than 30,000,000 livres (£2.25m)". 

 

Bernier

This French physician stayed at Aurangzeb's court for eight years (1658-65). He says "....I recollect that all the courtiers expressed much joy when it was found that Aurangzeb weighed two pounds more than the year preceding. Similar festivals are held every year.......The expense incurred by the Omrahs was considerable.... An ancient custom attends these anniversary days of rejoicing not at all agreeable to the Ornrahs. They are expected to make a handsome present to the king, more or less according to the amount, of their pay......Some present fine pearls, diamonds, emeralds or rubies others offer vessels of gold set with precious stones, others again give a quantity of gold coins each worth about a pistole and a half (25 shillings or double pistole worth £1.13s 3d).

Ref. - Travels in the Mughal Empire by F Bernier. Translated by A Constable 1968    

          edition, pages 270-271.

 

Thevenot

This Frenchman was in India during January 1666 to February 1667. He says "...The King richly attired and shining with jewels goes into one of the scales of the balance and sits on his heels, and into the other are put little bales, so closely packed that one cannot see what is within them.  The people are made to believe that these little bales (which are often changed) are full of gold, silver and jewels or of rich stuffs, and the Indians tell strangers so, when they would brag of their country then they weigh the king with a great many things that are good to eat, and I believe that what is within the bales is not a whit more precious... when it appears in the Register that the king weighs more than he did the year before, all testify their joy by acclamations, but much more by rich presents which the Grandees and the ladies of the harem make to him, when he is returned to his throne, and these presents amount commonly to several millions. The king distributes first a great quantity of artificial fruit and other knacks of gold and silver which are brought to him in golden basons; but these knacks are so slight that the profusion (which he makes in casting them promiscuously amongst the princes and other great men of his court who crowd one another to have their share) lessens not the treasure of his exchequer; for I was assured that these trifles would not cost one hundred thousand crowns".

Ref. - Indian Travels of Thevenot and Cavreri, edited by Surendranath Sen Director of Archives", Government of India, 1949, page 67.

 

Manrique

This Portuguese friar was at Agra in 1640/41.  He says "......on reaching the balance, dressed in this fashion the emperor squatted in one pan and at once certain officials commenced to fill the other pan with bags full of silver coined into rupees until the weights were equalised and the balance was in equilibrium. This weighing over they removed the silver and put it to one side. They then made a second weighing with other bags full of gold and precious stones. After adjusting this they made a third weighment with different kinds of cotton cloth woven with gold, silver and silk. They also added in this third weighment certain precious spices and various drugs. The fourth and last weighment was made against eatables such as wheaten cakes, flour, sugar, ghi and the common kinds of cotton cloth.

 

All the articles included in the final weighing are, it is said, at once distributed amongst poor Bramenes and Banias (But not to Mullahs and Maulavis?) .... As soon as he is seated on it (throne), dish bearing eunuchs advance with great trays of gold filled with artificial and imitation fruits in silver representing almonds, nuts, hazel nuts and many other kinds and species of fruit, all so delicately contrived that I do not believe that 1000 of these artificial fruits would weigh 2 shillings or 30 pesos.  Indeed, I tested it, as Mirza Abdul Hassen, on that occasion gave me a great plentiful of them, and they only just weighed eleven rupees, that is five and a half pesos of our money.

 

The Emperor distributed this fruit among the Princes and Nobles. He then ordered that several dishes full of silver rupees, newly coined should be divided among the lesser folk, which altogether may be taken to amount to from ten to twelve thousand rupees, at the most equal to about 6,000 pesos or reals of eight.

 

These gifts and expenditure on his part are far surpassed by the enormous quantities of adias or gifts which he receives on such occasions from all the Grandees and Princes at court".

Ref. - Travels of Fray Sebastian Manrique, translated by Luard and Hosten, Hakluyt

Society 1927, Volume II pages 201 to 204.

 

Conclusion

From all the five accounts we summarise the following -

 

(A) Mughal Emperors were weighed against closed bags. No one saw the contents of the bags.

(B) No one saw the contents of the bags, valuable or not, distributed to the poor, needy or learned.

 

(C) Imitation fruits made of very thin silver were distributed in the court but their total value was hardly £100 (at say 1665 prices).

 

(D) The occasions were used by Mughal Emperors to extract money from the people by way of costly presents amounting to a total of £2.25m  at 1665 prices and that is why they hated them.

 

It is therefore preposterous to say that Mughals adopted the Hindu tradition of Tuladan. Nizams continued the Mughal tradition of extracting money from people. Even the last Nizam (deposed in 1948) would invite his officers for his birthday party. They were of course expected to give costly presents to him. Afterwards their dinner would start.  As soon as the first dish was finished Nizam would get up, forcing the guests to do the same. We should not imagine that any food was wasted. The cooks were ordered not to cook more than the first dish!  

(Ref. -  swaragangechya tiree  - on the banks of the Musical Ganga by G N Joshi,

Majestic Book Stall, Bombay, 1977, pages 197-8)

 

 

3. CURRENT AFFAIRS

3.1 Forgeries and Fabrications of Historical Documents

 

The discovery of Hitler's secret diaries caused much sensation in April 1985 -

"Stern" magazine of Hamburg, W. Germany claimed to have made the discovery. They said that the diaries cover the period from June 1932 to April 1945, will make it necessary to rewrite the biographies of Hitler and to a great extent the history of the Nazi state. The episode has some interesting lessons.

 

Lord Dacre, formerly Professor Hugh Trevor Roper said on 23 April 1984 that he believed the documents were authentic. Other historians were sceptical and expressed their doubts for various reasons, e.g. -

 

(A) Dealers had been offering similar documents allegedly from East Germany. Many appeared to be forgeries.

 

(B) The diaries are in black ink. Hitler was unable to write in ink after January 1943 because of a nervous shake and had to use pencil. All he ever kept were notes about speeches and conferences.

 

(C) Heinrich Heim, the secretary of Martin Bormann, Hitler's closest aide and Heinz Linge the head of Hitler's personal secretariat had never mentioned any diaries.

 

(D) Hitler was running a war single-handed. He had an incredibly full day. Herr Nicolaus von Below adjutant of Luftwaffe (German Air Force) said, “Hitler and I frequently used to stay up until three or four in the morning before going to bed. He had no time to write anything. The whole thing is a pack of lies.'

 

(E) The diaries had been in the magazine's possession for three years but no German historian or experts on Nazi era had been given the chance to examine them.

 

(F) Tests were carried out on paper but not on the ink. And in any case a clever forger would have no difficulty to find paper and ink that are 40 years old.

 

(G) Handwriting of Hitler in the diaries never varied during the 12 years he supposedly wrote them. A clear evidence of forgery.

 

By 26 April Lord Dacre admitted that he might be wrong. Asked if his personal reputation was at stake, he said "If I am wrong, I am wrong. If I am right I am right. I don't worry about these things (Why can't our historians be so open-minded?) Two days later he said "I have been forced to revise my opinion ....even experts can err. When I felt that I was misled I insisted on seeing the documents on Hess and I must say that having seen them, the essential documents are Forgeries."  Meanwhile the magazine's collateral evidence has crumbled. The Provisional Criminal office of Rhineland - Palatinate which the magazine cited as "expert" witness for the authenticity of the handwriting, stated that none of the samples it examined came from the diaries themselves - All the sensation collapsed within a week.

 

The Reasons

Why should people attempt such forgeries even today?  Various reasons were put

forward –

 

(i) The magazine wanted to boost its falling circulation

 

(ii) Mr George Young, former deputy director of M.I.6 said "the diaries could have been faked by East German intelligence to create mistrust in Nato. Anything that sows doubts about the past may create mistrust about the present."

 

(iii) New York Times said "there could be political motives behind sudden appearance of these diaries. If they turned out to be forgeries experts would say that they were concocted in Eastern Europe in an effort to undermine West Germany's relation- ship with its allies. East German and Soviet secret services would want to depict that the West turned down opportunities to end World War II, prolonged the suffering it created, and holds the historical responsibility for the eventual division of Germany".

 

(iv) Cottage industry is said to be flourishing in Potsdam, East German producing Hitler forgeries and Third Reich memorabilia for sale to collectors in the West able to pay with hard currency.

 

 

Other Forgeries

BBC2 in their programme Timewatch (1 June 1983) discussed "Faking History". The Drake Plate found near San Francisco in 1936 and which claimed California for Queen Elizabeth I was shown to be fake in 1977. The Vinland Map was bought in 1959 for £100,000 as the first map to show the North American Continent. Instead it was shown to be a forgery in 1967.

Mussolini Diaries

Daily Telegraph of 3 May 1983 reported ".... Two women claimed they had discovered Mussolini's diaries in 1957 and tried to sell them to an American magazine for $ 150,000.

 

Their "find" caused an international furore.  Mussolini and his mistress were shot by Italian partisans in April 1945.  His memory was still fresh in the minds of most Italians in 1957.  The forgers were Signora Rosa Panvini and her daughter Amelia - nicknamed "Mimi" - who lived in Vercelli, northern Italy.  They forged page after page of diary jottings in such a perfect imitation of Mussolini's handwriting that even experts were fooled.

 

One publication demanded that a chemical and handwriting test be carried out on the 'diaries' by an expert from Lausanne University. His verdict was: "Thirty volumes of manuscript cannot be the work of a forger, but of a genius. You can falsify a few lines or even some pages, but not a series of diaries".

 

Italian counter-intelligence service decided to investigate. They too said the documents were genuine. But former members of the Fascist hierarchy were divided and after two years, police experts came to the conclusion that the diaries were totally false. Mimi Panvini confessed and said she had spent years writing the 'diaries' imitating Mussolini's handwriting.

 

Fabrications by Muslims

Sir Henry M Elliot warned us in 1867 about forgeries and fabrications of various documents by Muslims in the 18th and 19th centuries. He says "For instance, not many years ago there was published at Agra a useful set of chronological tables of the Moghal dynasty, said to be founded on the authority of several excellent works named by the author.  Having been long in search of many of these works, I requested from the author a more particular account of them. He replied that some had been once in his possession and had been given away; some he had borrowed; and some were lost or mislaid; but the parties to whom he had given, and from whom he had borrowed denied all knowledge of the works, or even of their titles.  Indeed most of them contained nothing on the subject which they were intended to illustrate, and they were evidently mentioned by the author for the mere object of acquiring credit for the accuracy and extend of his researches.

 

Again, a native gentleman furnished a catalogue of the manuscripts said to compose the historical collection of his Highness of Nizam, but on close examination I found that from beginning to end, it was a complete fabrication, the names of the works being taken from the prefaces of standard histories, in which it is usual to quote the authorities, - the very identical sequence of names, and even the errors of the originals, being implicitly followed.

 

Against these impudent an6 interested frauds we must consequently be on our guard, not less than against the blunders arising from negligence and ignorance; the misquoting of titles, dates and names; the ascriptions to wrong authors; the absence of beginnings and endings; the arbitrary substitution of new ones to complete a mutilated manuscript; the mistakes of copyists; the exercise of ingenuity in their corrections, and of fancy in their additions; all these added to the ordinary sources of error attributable to the well-known difficulty of deciphering oriental manuscripts, presents many obstacles sufficient to damp even the ardour of an enthusiast..."

(History of India as told by its own historians by Elliot and Dou/son, preface to Volume I, 1867)

 

We need to compile a detailed list of such muslim forgeries and fabrications.

 

 

3.2 Impartial British

British always maintain that as far Hindus and Muslims are concerned they have been perfectly neutral.  Were they?

 

Describing the horrors of jail life in the Andaman Islands (1910-1921) Veer Savarkar says "...The Musulman Warder as also Musulman prisoner had each his copy of the Koran to read in the jail. And sometimes they read the Koran to put off their normal work. This facility was denied to their Hindu brethren in that jail. These had no religious books given to them to read and understand. They could keep none of them themselves and it was an offence to read them openly. Either the superior officer strictly banned them or the lesser man - the Musulman Jamadar - would not get them any copy of their religious scriptures. If a few of them even on a holiday gathered together sometime to read and hear the Ramayana of Tusidas. The Muslim warder or Jamadar would suddenly disperse the assembly by force and abuse....

 

There was extreme partiality on the part of the authorities as regards their holidays. On a Mohamedan holiday the Musulman prisoner was allowed to spend the whole day in idleness and free talk with his fellow-men. The Hindu prisoner, on the other hand, got very few holidays in the first instance. Some holidays were not even recognised as holidays for Hindu prisoners of that jail. And when they got the holiday at all, their warders and jamadars gave them the Hobson's choice of work or solitary confinement in their own cells. The prisoners at this threat went quietly to work for they knew by experience what the other alternative had meant for them.......

 

As a matter of fact there are thousands of Musulmans who do not do their Namaz even once during the day. But just to spite the Hindu prisoners they insist on that practice in this prison ...... If a party of prisoners were sent out for work on the islands, the Muslim section in it did the Namaz five to seven times during the day, for that obtained respite from the officers in their day's work on grounds of religion, and Hindus were hard put to it to finish the day's allotted labour; while the Muslims safely escaped all the rigour of it. .........

 

They resorted to another trick in order to harass their Hindu brethren in prison and to defy the prison regulation in the spirit of a goonda. That was to cry 'bang' early at day-break. The term 'bang' meant a call to prayer from the top of a minaret to the faithful ones in Islam.  And it is to be uttered with the topmost note of one's voice.  In the prison this was definitely an intolerable nuisance, for at that hour, all vi/ere fast asleep after the day's exhausting work. The officers rebuked the Musulmans for creating the noise but did not stop it. On the other hand they maintained that it was a religious act and they must perform it.......

 

The incident of the bang had been as much an annoyance to the Burmese as well as to the Hindus. But the officers would not give them any protection. In these circumstances and as a counter-blast the Hindus started their prayers early. As the Hindus began their prayers in a loud tone, the officers who had maintained silence towards their rivals, launched prosecutions against the Hindus. One by one they were charged and punished for the act. Their plea was that to offer such morning prayers was not an essential part of Hindu religion. To which the Hindu answered that if not prayer, at least blowing on the conch early in the morning was an essential part of the Hindu worship. One of our enthusiasts procured a conch and secreted it in his cell. The following morning at dawn, just when the Muslims had begun their 'bang', this member began to blow vociferously upon his conch. Muslims were angered and shouted abuse. The enthusiast was punished for the offence.  Thereafter the Burmese and Hindu prisoners began to blow on their several conches. Muslim's protest with the officers had gone in vain. The Hindu's right to blow on the conch as an act of worship was recognised and they were asked to stop the 'bang' before the Hindus could be asked to cease blowing on the conch. What was impossible for reason to do that the sound of the conch could do for us. The goondas were subdued by the conch, as they would never have been subdued by an appeal to commonsense.

 

The Baluchi, Sindhi and Pathan prisoners had warders belonging to their own religion while Hindu prisoners were systematically denied that favour. The Hindus suffered doubly. First from their fellow-prisoners, the Muslims, and secondly from their Muslim warders.

 

Muslims were converting Hindus to Islam by force, coercion, inducement and bribery. This was going under the very nose of British jail authorities, but they always turned a blind eye. When Savarkar protested he was told "Let alone those evil fellows, why should you bother with these derelicts. You have no business to speak on behalf of others. In any case even to prevent conversion would be a hard task for the authorities, for we are pledged to the policy of non-interference". Savarkar retorted "The bulk of the warders, petty officers and jamadars in this prison being Muslims by faith, they can buttress up their action by any means they like. While the Hindus, on the other hand, have to go unheard. For instance, if I were found talking with a fellow-prisoner, he and I are at once punished for it. Your non-interference reduced itself in plain terms to this: Muslim henchman will be free to do what they like, while their Hindu victims will not be free to complain against them. True there are Hindu warders and tindals. But you are not lost in love with them as you are with the Muslim warders.  You are partial to the latter and severe on the former." Things changed only when he started re-conversion of Muslims back to Hinduism.

 

A Hindu Brahmin Ramrakha was sent to Andaman.  He was asked to surrender his sacred thread (janeo), which he flatly refused. The officers did not trifle with the sentiment of the Musulman in this respect, though they did not scruple to trample under foot a similar demand by a Hindu prisoner. To protest against this outrage on his religious sentiment Ramrakha went on hunger strike and eventually died in the year 1919. The matter was taken up to the higher officials, to the Indian press and before a special Commission appointed to examine into the state of prison administration in India. Now all Hindu prisoners, not just the Brahmins, are premitted to wear the sacred thread as a symbol of their faith. But for this trifle Ramrakha had to lay down his life!

 

There was no limit to how low the Muslims would be allowed to sink, with impunity. If a Musulman warder saw a Hindu prisoner helping himself to water in the reservoir, he at once plunged in his feet into it and if the Hindu used the dirty water, he would chaff at him to his heart's content. He went about telling others what a fine thing he had done and often boasted about it. (Muslims could never have been so insolent without the tactical approval of British jail authorities).

 

(Ref. - My Transportation for life by Veer Savarkar, Veer Savarkar Prakashan,

Bombay 1984, pages 91, 259/260, 292/514, 323/5/4/5, 414/5, 498).

 

"Well" some may argue "that was before 1920. Surely things have changed". Have they? Remember August 1965? Indian troops crossed border with Pakistan in hot pursuit of Pakistani infiltrators. Was it not Harold Wilson the labour Prime Minister who immediately declared India as the aggressor and stopped all economic aid to her?

 

Let us leave the politicians aside. As a matter of curiosity we looked at 1952, 1962, 1972 and 1982 editions of the famous yearbook "Whitaker's Almanac". We find Muslim New Year and Muslim Calendar alright but even word Hindu is NOT to be found in their index since 1962. After the Muslim calendar we find India - in addition to the Moslem reckoning there are six eras used in India (i.e. Moslem calendar is fundamental, others exist in addition).

 

We also looked at 1984 pocket diary published by the famous chain-store W H Smith. Under "Festivals and Anniversaries 1984" we do find Muslim New Year. But not a single Hindu event. Under "Calendar notes 1983-6" we find Christian, Jewish and Muslim festivals but NO Hindu festival. We looked at their 1981 diary. The picture is same. We have an old pocket diary of 1979 published by H Neale and Company Ltd / D Harper and Company Ltd of 264/266 Holloway Road, London N7 6NF. On page 8 we find Christian, Jewish and Moslem festivals but NO Hindu festival.

 

Is it not high time to accept the fact u/hen it comes to Hindus and Muslims the impartial British still wish to grind the Hindus to dust? Savarkar in his book mentioned above (pages 360-361) says "...Indeed during the last 150 years there has been no change whatever in these traits of British character. They are born politicians, strong-willed administrators and tough fighters. And we have not changed either. We have remained the same gullible people incapable of appreciating British character and ignorant of the ways and means to effectively confront them. The Britishers have not forgotten much during the last 150 years. And we have not learnt very much from them". He wrote this in 1923. It is never too late to mend.

 

 

4.  NEWS

4.1 Mr Mohanlal Gupta from Canada offered to subscribe for "Organiser" weekly of

New Delhi, for Mr Gcdbole.  But this kind offer had to be declined due to the volume of pending research articles.

4.2 Dr Ganeshi Lal Verma's article - "Kutub Minar was the Tower of Fame of Mihar Bhoja" appeared in the 8 January 1984 issue of the Organiser. He says Bhoja ruled North India including Saurashtra and Bengal but excluding Sindh and Kashmir, during 836 to 888 A.D.

 

4.3 Sanskrit Teaching

Sanskrit is taught in many schools in Bulgaria.  Sophia University has a Department of Sanskrit. (Sangha Sandesh of Birmingham 11 July 83).

- In London, St Vedast Independent School for Boys, Hampstead; St Vedast Independent School for Girl; St James Independent School for Boys, Kensington and St James Independent School for Girls all teach Sanskrit.

- Illustrated Weekly of 27 February 1981 carried an article by Abdus Salamwala, a

Pakistani, a Nobel prize winner. He has carried out research on vibrations due to chanting of Vedic Mantras. We would not be surprised if Sanskrit is taught in Pakistan also.  After all they claim Panini as their fore-father;

 

4.4 The World of Islam

President Jaafar Nimeiri of Sudan has decided to enforce the "Sharia law (of Holy Koran)". He has appointed Mohamed Omer as First Secretary of the Sudanese Socialist Union and Ahmed Abdul Rahim as Social and Political Affairs Secretary.  Over 1,000 people have been arrested since the emergency began in April 1984, on charges of prostitution, alcohol trafficking and illegal hoarding. .....About 35 people convicted of theft are awaiting the amputation of their hands and some may suffer "cross limb amputation" under which the right hand and the left foot are removed. On 21 May 1984 two men had their right hands and left feet amputated. One of five sentenced to amputation was convicted of stealing goods worth £60. President

Nimeiri has made it clear that the adoption of the Islamic way of life in Sudan is irrevocable.

 

On 15 June a convicted thief was hanged in public in Khartoum and his body displayed for 30 minutes in the first such execution since Islamic Sharia Laws was introduced in Sudan in September 1983.

(Financial Times 22 May and 16 June 1984)

 

Such barbarism will crop up at any time as long as Koran exists.

 

4.5 Prof. Subrahmanyan Chandrashekhar, 73, the Grand old Man of theoretical astronomy received belatedly a Nobel Prize for Physics in October 1983.  But when in 1920s he predicted the death of the Sun some 5000 million years hence, he was considered insane by contemporaries.  (Daily Telegraph 24 October 1983). So Mr Oak is not the only one whose work is not recognised for a long time;

 

4.6 Laudable Gesture

Dr Dilip Mukhtyar, a General surgeon and his wife Dr Mrs Usha Mukhtyar, obstetrician Gynaecologist have shown willingness to offer free medical care to the members of Vishva Hindu Parishad (VHP) and Hindu community who might be in distress due to loss of employment resulting in loss of Health Insurance Benefits.  Their address is:-  603 East 187th Street

                             Corner Arthur Avenue

                             Brovix

                          N.Y. 10454

                           U.S.A.     (Tel No: 212-376-2160)

(Hindu Vishwa of America, February 1983)

 

If only other Hindus were just as practical minded I

 

4.7 David Attenborough has been awarded "Padmabhushan" title by Government of India, for producing the film "Gandhi" - (Sunday Mirror, 20 February 1983).  We hope to review that film in the next Newsletter.