INDIAN INSTITUTE FOR TRUE HISTORICAL RESEARCH

 

Newsletter No. 9 of 16 February 1983

 

1.  Mr Godbole (0234-57388)

 

Correspondence.

1.1 The 18 July 1982 issue of the Marathi weekly "Shree" from Bombay carried an article entitled "Pre-Islamic Vedic religion in the Gulf States". Muslims complained that it hurts their religious feelings. Home Minister Mr Jichkar, promptly banned the issue and police confiscated the copies in the printing press. The editor Mr Rasiklal Bhutta filed a suit against the Government of Maharashtra, in Bombay High Court.  He asked our Mr Jeevan Kulkarni to help.

We provided some references for the case. The hearing took place on 5th and 6th December 1982.

 

1.2 Letters were sent to the following -

 

John Keay

 - the writer of India Discovered (see Newsletter No. 7)

Barbara Bend

- who delivered a lecture on Taj Mahal at the British      

  Museum on 28 October 1982.

Tirupati Devasthan.

- commented on their scheme of extensive study of Ancient  

  India.

Dr Mate

 - Head of Archaeology Department; University of Poona.

Giraudon

- Photographic Archive in Paris, enquiring about Vishnu's

  footprints in Humayun's tomb. This time the letter was

  written in French. But we received no reply.

 

Lonely Planet Publication, Australia

- Their new tourist guide "India - a travel survival kit (1981)" has a photo of Lord Ganesh on the first page. The trident in his hand is interesting. Similar trident is seen on Humayun's tomb in Delhi. We were informed that similar statues of Ganesh are seen in many parts of India. This may throw some light on Hindu origin of Humayun's tomb.

 

 

1.3 A reply was received from the Maharaja of Jaipur.  He says "...at present it is not possible to send copies of these documents as cataloguing and listing is being done by the experts of the Research Institute.  Once the Institute has established the rules regarding the loan or supply of copies of documents I would write to you further..."

 

 

Research Findings

1.4.1 What is the value of -the Traveller's accounts?

 

A very good. appraisal appears in - "Indian Travels of Thevenot and Careri" edited by Surendranath Sen, Director of Archives, New Delhi, 1949. On page LXIV Mr Sen writes - "...But they had their limitations as well. Their knowledge of the country and its people was in most cases superficial and the value of their accounts necessarily depended upon the sources of their information. They suffered from the common credulity of their age and they were not always in a position to verify or test the accuracy of what they were told. Their validity is not to he questioned hut we need accept anything on trust. No authority can he more reliable than his sources and in assessing the historical merit of Thevenot and Careri's travels we should always bear this salutary principle in mind. Their learning, their sincerity are not suspected.  Yet we may not be able to accept all their statements as equally authentic without a sifting enquiry, as to their sources that may not always be equally irreproachable.  This is however not to minimise the value of foreign traveller's accounts of India. As a contemporary source of Indian history they will always remain indispensable, but what cannot be dispensed with is not necessarily infallible..."

 

Our historians have completely forgotten about Mr Sen's warning.

 

1.4.2 It is astonishing to note how much the European travellers were prejudiced against the Hindoos. A French Archaeologist writes "...Muslim Sources – A series of annals commissioned by the royal court were written to record the Muslim conquests from about the 11th to the 18th century is best documented. Others written by foreign travellers have also furnished a great deal of authentic information, particularly about the Muslim States, the Hindu Kingdoms which were still independent were not mentioned."

 

(Ref.- Encyclopaedia of Archaeology.  General Editor - Gilbert Charles Picard.  Translated from French by Anne Ward.  Published by the Hamlyn Publishing Group Ltd. London 1972. page 378)

 

1.5  Tilak's opponents and Our opponents

 

In the period 1893 to 1899 there were serious, British sponsored, Muslim riots in Maharashtra. Tilak strongly condemned the partiality of the British administration.  But what did his opponents do?  "...In his representation Mr G. K. Gokhale did not blame the Government as such for partiality towards Muslims but blamed individual officers in Poona, Sholapur, Belgaum, Ahmednagar, Satara, Wai, Yeola, Ratnagiri, Chiplun, Pen and Kalyan. When the same action was noted everywhere, what was wrong in saying that it was Government's policy to show favouritism towards Muslims? (Good heavens. and agree that Tilak was right? Indian Moderates would never do that.')

 

(Ref. Bal Gangadhar Tilak by T. V. Parvate, Havajivan Publishing House of Ahmedabad, 1972 edition page 113).

 

Our opponents are no different.  As early as 1855 James Fergusson wrote on Taj Mahal "When used as a Barrah Durrie or pleasure palace, it must always have teen the coolest and the loveliest of garden retreats..."

(Ref. History of Architecture of all Countries, page 438).

 

This sentence has "been repeated by author after author. In 1888 H. G. Keene dismisses this assumption but adds - "In all probability, however the garden had been already enclosed and was a favourite retreat of the deceased in her life time..."

(Ref. Handbook to Agra pp 22/23)

 

In 1896 Said Mohammad Latif a Fellow of the Royal Asiatic Society of London wrote "...The site selected for the mausoleum was originally a palace of Raja ManSingh..."  (What happened to it?)

(Ref. Agra historical and descreptive. page 105)

 

In 1973 a set of older fountains was found, while carrying out some repairs. Hari Inder Singh wrote an article - Fountains under Taj pool.  It was published in Times of India of 25 June 1973.  In it he says - "...Babur in his biography Babarnama is devoid of any mention of fountains. Akbar did not construct a single fountain at his township of Fatehpur Sikri or at Agra Fort. Shahjahan provided a set of 5 fountains in front of Khas Mahal in Agra Fort. But installation of fountains at the Taj perhaps proved too gigantic a task for him.

 

But to accept that Taj Mahal is a Hindu Temple-Palace?  Good heavens no. That amounts to accepting that Mr Oak is right.

 

 

1.6 Tilak's Life - How facts are twisted.

 

Is it possible that events in Tilak's life could be twisted at a time when many people who had seen and listened to him were still alive? The answer is Yes.

 

One biographer writes - (Around August 1900) Tilak supported the rights of the Brahmins who refused to perform worship with Vedic hymns at the palaces of Maharaja of Baroda and the Maharaja of Kolhapur...  he defended their action and asserted once again his view that it was improper on the part of Marathas to insist on the performance of their religious rites with Vedic hymns...It was unfortunate that a first-rate leader of the people should come to propagate this narrow view, but it was a fact...(Ref. Lakmanya Tilak by Dhananjaya-Keer, Popular Prakashan, Bombay 1969 pp 174/175)

 

Another "biographer retorts". ..It was fashionable in certain sections to dismiss Tilak as a reactionary and an orthodox Brahmin because it was alleged against him that he opposed the performance of religious and social ceremonies in the households of the Marathas according to Vedic rites. But even this was downright misrepresentation of the true position. In the two articles he wrote on this subject in Kesari (unfortunately dates of issues are not given) he said unequivocally that Vedic rites could not "be denied to any Hindu who wanted them He dismissed any opposition to this on the part of orthodox Brahmans as childish and obscuranist. ..... All that he said was that they (Marathas) could not force unwilling Brahman priesthood to officiate at such functions or threaten them with confiscation of their "inams" and "vatans" for refusing to do so, if the "inams" and "vatans" had been conferred on them for quite different reasons and services...

 

19 years later (December 1919) Mr R. P. Paranjpye, Principal of Fergusson College, Pune repeated the same accusation in Bombay Chronicle. Tilak replied in the same newspaper (unfortunately the date of issue is not given). He said - Mr Paranjpye has utterly misunderstood the question. The question was whether an orthodox Brahman priest should be coerced and compelled against his wish, on pain of forefeiture of "inarms" granted to him under the old system, to perform Vedic rites in all non-Brahman families.  The very principle of personal liberty on which Mr Paranjpye lays so much stress would be violated if we answer the question in the affirmative. I know that every community can freely resort to Vedokta rites if it chooses; but no one can justify the forefeiture of ancient "inams" granted by old rulers and under different understanding..." (Ref. Bal Gangadhar Tilak by T. V. Parvate, Navajivan Publishing House, Ahmedabad 1972  pages 45 and 473)

 

Suppose Mr Parvate's books were destroyed and only Mr Keer's books were available, say 100 years later, would the readers get the true picture?

 

1.7 Last Years of Gandhi's Life - The Untold Facts

 

1.7.1 On 16th August 1946 Jirmah's direct action led to bloodbath in Calcutta. 5,000 Hindus died 15,000 were injured. After a fortnight 560 Hindus were killed in Bombay. Between 10th and 17th October 1946 Hindus were butchered in Chittagong and Noakhali districts of Bengal. Gandhi left Calcutta for Noakhali on 6th November and is said to have travelled alone fearlessly through the riot affected areas. Bat what does Wavell the viceroy say in his diary? On 15th March 1947 he wrote "...In the evening Burrows, Governor of Bengal arrived. He was very relieved that Gandhi had left Bengal, it had taken 20 of his best police officers to protect him (Gandhi) and he was sarcastic over an American correspondent's article headed "Gandhi walks alone".

 

(Ref - Wavell The Viceroy's Journal, edited by Penderel Noon, Oxford University Press, 1973 page 428).

 

Nathuram Godse shot and. killed Gandhi on 30 January 1948. While defending himself Godse said "...Gandhiji then undertook,  ostensibly alone, a tour of Noakhali District.  It is well-known that Suhrawardy (the Muslim Chief Minister of Bengal) gave him protection wherever he went and even with that protection Gandhiji never ventured to enter Noakhali District..."

 

Sardar Patel, the Iron man and the Deputy Prime Minister immediately banned the publication of Godse's testimony. No disciple of Gandhi ever protested against this ban. It was lifted only recently. It is published in a booklet entitled "May it PLEASE YOUR HONOUR" by Nathuram Godse, Vitasta Prakashan Pune, India 1978.  Refer pages 96 and 97.

 

1.7.2 In another book we find -

16 September 1947 - Gandhi called on Lord Mountbatten, said "If Pakistan continues to behave dishonestly, war will break out between her and India."

 

17 September 1947 - Lord and Lady Mountbatten called in; Gandhi visited Kishangari labour locality. Reiterated previous days warning.

 

26 September 1947 - Gandhi said "I am opposed to war, but if it is impossible  to have justice from Pakistan and if she refuses to see her mistake, war between the two countries is inevitable".

 

(Ref - Gandhi:1915-1948 A Detailed Chronology by G. B. Dalal, Gandhi Peace

Foundation New Delhi 1971 page 160.  Unfortunately Mr Dalal does not reveal his source of information).

 

Thus the apostle of non-violence and propagator of constant capitulation to Muslim demands, had openly admitted utter failure of his principles and policies But once again, as if there was a conspiracy of silence, this information is not found in any books on Gandhi or relating to events of those days.

 

Allen Cambell Johnson personal secretary to Lord Mountbatten in 1947 makes no mention in his book "A Mission with Mountbatten (1972)'.' 

 

Mountbatten did not say any-thing about this in his TV interviews. 

 

Michael Edwardes was a soldier in India in 1947 and has written many books on Indian History.  He too is silent on the subject.

 

Robert Payne in his biography of Gandhi wants to depict Savarkar as only a murderer but keeps quiet about Gandhi*s utterances. 

 

Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre in their book "Freedom at Midnight" say Savarkar had homosexual relationship with Godse, but make no mention of above. 

 

Frank Moares makes no mention in his "Witness to an Era".

 

 WHY? WHY?? WHY???

 

Taya Zenkin, wife of an ICS officer was at New Delhi in September 1947. But she does not seem to have heard about what Gandhi said. In March 1950 once again Hindus were butchered in East Bengal (Now Bangladesh). Taya Zenkin visited both East and West Bengal. She says - I said to Dr P. C. Ghosh, then Chief Minister of West Bengal - You should go to East Bengal and tour the villages to restore confidence.

 

But my life would not be safe there.'

 

'Gandhi would not have bothered about his life.'

 

Yes, "but Gandhi would have asked India to go to war with Pakistan'

 

'Gandhi would never have gone to war, he would have gone to East Bengal as he did in 1946, he was never afraid for his own safety.'

 

Dr Ghosh retorted 'You are quite wrong - Gandhi would have gone to war. Indeed, he is on record to that effect. You must have forgotten his public statement in 1947 not long before he was murdered. ....He even told Nehru that provided the Government of India continued to protect every Muslim to the last hair on his head in India, India would have a clean record. If Pakistan failed to protect its Hindus, India would then have the moral duty to go to war with Pakistan. ..." (Nehru did the former but not the latter).

 

"I don't believe it; I would have heard such a statement.”  But when I went to Delhi a few weeks later I went specially to see Pyarelel, the last of Gandhi's secretaries, and asked him whether Gandhi had in fact advocated war if Pakistan did not protect its minorities. He confirmed what P.C.Ghosh had said.

 

(Ref - Reporting India by Taya Zenkin, Ghatto and Windus of London 1962.

pages 56 and 57)

 

We must never forget that this same great man, in his heydays had publicly denounced Rana Pratap, Shivaji and Guru Govind Singh for fighting their Muslim

enemies with sword instead of practising Ahimsa (Non-violence)1!l

 

 

1.8 The Swastika and the Gross

 

Tilak, while serving his six year prison sentence in Mandalay (Burma) wrote his famous book "Geeta Rahasya" in Marathi.  It was published in June 1915. The English translation came out in 1936.

In the Appendix we find Part VIII - The Gita and The Christian Bible.

On page 826 (1971 edition) Tilak writes -  "...the symbol of the cross which has become sacred to Christians on account of the fact that Christ was crucified on a cross, had also become a holy symbol in the Vedic and Buddhistic religions in the shape of a Swastika' hundreds of years before Christ and modem scholars have proved that not only in Egypt and other countries in the ancient continents of the earth, but even in Peru and Mexico in America, the "Swastika" was looked upon as an auspicious sign many centuries before Columbus..." 

Ref - The secret of the Pacific by G.Reginald Enoch 1912 pp 248-252.

 

(Publishers of Tilak's book are Tilak Brothers 568 Narayan Peth, Pune 411030, India)

 

 

1.9  Misleading References

 

It is amazing how even some well known authors have given quite misleading references.  Here are some examples -

 

1.9.1 Thomas HERBERT, son of the Baron of Cardiff visited India in 1626-29. He left Dover on Good Friday (March 1626), arrived in Goa on 17th November at Swally outside Surat on 31 November. It is not clear what he was doing in Surat for next 3 years.  But he proceeded to Gombroom in Persia on 17th December (1629) by the ship William.  (Ref - A relation of some years travaille, beginne Anno 1626 into Afrique and Greater Asia etc ... by HERBERT (Sir Thomas) published in 1634)

 

And yet Mr OATEN tells us - "...Sir Thomas HERBERT went in 1627 to Persia as Secretary to an English embassy which was sent there in that year and after remaining two years in the East (in the course of which he paid a short visit to Surat and surrounding district) returned home."  (Ref - European Travellers in India during 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries by OATEN Edward Parley, published by Kegan Paul and Co 1909 page 169)

1.9.2 William Crooke tells us - "The mausoleum (Bibi-Ka-Mukbara) resembles the Taj at Agra, on a small scale. The tomb contains the body of Zainabadi, not the first wife (of Aurangzeb).   Refer Jadunath Sarkar History of Aurangzeb Volume I page 65 footnote

 

(Travels in India by Jean Baptise Tavernier. Edited by William Crooke 1925 edition.  Footnote on page 118)

 

But in the same book and on the same page we find that Sarkar says nothing of the sort.  On page 6l he simply says that DiIras Banu died at Aurangabad on 8th October 1657-  On page 175 he says "...The splendid mausoleum or Mugbara of his wife Dilras Banu is an imitation of the Taj Mahal. It was built after his accession and was thoroughly repaired by his son Muazam..."

 

1.9.3 Now let us refer to Cambridge History of India.  Volume 5 deals with the period

1858-1918. A chronology appears on pp 635-638. On page 637 we find 1889 - second visit of Prince of Wales.

 

But this is totally false. Edward the VII was the Prince of Wales until 1901. He did visit India but in 1875. It was his elder son the Duke of Clarence who visited India in 1889, Edward VII accompanied him only as far as Alexandria (Egypt).

 

We must therefore check our references to the original source as far as possible.  If our references are found to be wrong we must say so openly.

 

 

1.10 Secrets kept by Archaeological Survey of India

 

Mr Carlleyle says -

"...The Jumma or Jami Masjid of Agra. - It would be unnecessary for me to describe this building as General Gunningham had. already, sometime ago secured the measurements of it and executed a ground plan and sections of it…..”

 

(Archaeological Survey of India Report for the year 1871-72.  Volume II page 78)

 

Carlleyle says the same about Taj Mahal on page 67.

 

Our comment - Where is this information?  Why was this never published? How much more information is kept secret?  And why the secrecy?

 

 

1.11 Recognition at last

 

1. Mediaeval Remains, Nagar, District Agra.

Shri J.P.Srivastava of the Northern Circle of the Survey noticed mediaeval temples which had subsequently been converted into mosques during the Sultanate period, besides some mediaeval sculptures.

 

(Ref - Page 80 of Indian Archaeology 1976-77. This is an annual published by Archaeological Survey of India, summarising the work of the whole department)

Few years ago the wording would have been - temples were destroyed and mosques built on top of them. All the credit goes to Mr Oak.

 

2. Dr Bedekar (Thane, India)

20 members of our Thane branch visited London, on their way to America. Mr Godbole met them on 1st October 1982, and had discussions with them.

 

Last year we saw a sharp increase in the number of new life members. This was largely due to the efforts of Dr Bedekar and his friends. They deserve all the praise!

 

Dr Bedekar explained his difficulties and the conditions prevalent in India. We do have some common grounds with other scholars. Dr Bedekar decided to exploit this as an excuse to meet such scholars, break the impasse and neutralise their stiff resistance to our work.  For example Dr Sohoni was formerly the Chief Secretary to Government of Bihar. He is one of our opponents, but has an interest in Hindu tradition of Science and Technology.  Dr Bedekar therefore arranged a seminar on the subject under the chairmanship of Dr Sohoni himself! In fact two more seminars were similarly arranged - one on Hindu Music and Musical Instruments, the other on Hindu Drama and Theatre.  This was indeed a very clever move. We were not however informed of these seminars in time and therefore could not send any suggestions. The proceedings have been recorded on tape.

 

It will be quite some time before they can be summarised, scrutinised, sorted out and studied. Dr Bedekar has made notes of guidance for conducting such functions in future. No more seminars are planned, in the near future

 

 We in turn told our difficulties. Namely

(1) Our members in India do not show even the decency of acknowledging our letters.

 

(2) When replies are received after sending couple of reminders they do not contain specific answers to specific questions. This is most irritating. When a doctor asks for blood pressure, he does not mean heart beat or urine test or even a cardiograph, hut blood pressure.

 

(3) We desperately need a set of good quality slides of Taj Mahal (Slides can now be reproduced, at BOOTS the chemist, cost 36 pence per slide, delivery 2 weeks)

 

We discussed their quarterly magazine "Itihas Patrika".

 

(1) Four issues have been published, so far.

 

(2) Mr Godbole's Taj Mahal analysis was published in issue number 2. It was gratifying to know that this was very well received in India. Dr Vasantrao Deshpande a well known musician has become our life member after reading the analysis and others are following suit.

 

(3) Dr Bedekar promised, to give full publicity to our research and efforts. Our members in India are naturally curious to know about them and our achievements obviously encourage: them. The publicity also encourages us in return. Mutual

co- operation is thus essential and. has been promised on both sides.

 

(4) Mr Godbole's thesis entitled "The Great British Conspiracy" would, be published in six sections. The conclusions at the end of each should, be obvious enough but, considering the conditions in India, suitable notes would be added to ensure that the information is not misinterpreted.

 

(5) Certain very important changes have to be made so that the quarterly would be presentable to the scholars and researchers throughout the world. Our comments on issue numbers 2 and 4 were sent and we would continue to do so in future.

 

(6) Now I am going to prove-approach.  We asked Dr Bedekar - suppose you have. a trainee doctor. Would, you start your diagnosis by saying "Now I am going to prove that this patient needs such and such an operation?"  or would you proceed to collect the necessary data like blood pressure, heart beat, weight and past medical history and analyse it before concluding that a particular treatment would be required?

 

He got the point.

 

(7) We have sent him a copy of the monthly "History Today" published, in London, to give him an idea of what a well known historical journal looks like.

 

Dr Bedekar visited Mr Godbole's home in the evening of 2nd October for attending a musical programme. There he met our members M/s Kulkarni, Rakhe, Mukesh Patel and Dr Shiralkar. He also got an idea of the extent of Mr Godbole's work.

 

While in London Dr Bedekar also met some more members- Bhupendra Patel, Arvind Pradhan and Dr Lalvani.

 

The visit was thus very useful and cleared up lot of misunderstanding.

 

 

3. Mr B. Gadre (RSS Chief of Poona)

He was in London for six months but it was not possible to meet him. He promised to send us details of the historical research being carried out by Mr Moropant Pingale of RSS, and also a copy of the Government of India order prohibiting Vishva Hindu Parishad from receiving money from outside India.

Friends of India Society (London) had organised a 3 day session in Bombay on 24, 25, and 26 December 1982.  Mr Gadre promised to send an invitation to Dr Bedekar.

 

 

4 Mr Hemant Gokhale (Kanpur, India)

He sent us extracts from various Muslim chronicles, which point to Hindu origins of various (so called) Muslim monuments. We asked him to give details of the chronicles (e.g. who wrote them and when). We have sent copies of these extracts to Dr Bedekar & Mr Jeevan Kulkarni.

 

5 Mr Jeevan Kulkarni (Bombay)

He has supplied us the following information -

(1) A Ground Plan of Taj Mahal (Central Edifice) appears in the book -

Wandering of Pilgrimage in India by Fanny Parks, Pelham Richardson, 1850

Volume I p.357 (Reprint Oxford University Press, Pakistan 1975)

 

Kulkarni thinks that the plan looks like a Tantrik Chakra - in particular the chakra in - Yantra The Tantric symbol of unity by Mudhu Khanna, Thames and Hudson 1979 page 63.

 

(2) Late Prof H. Goetz of Heidelberg University has made contradictory statements.

 

In the book INDIA: 5000 Years of Indian Art 1959 Goetz says on page  218 "...Its swivel domes....geometrical garden (etc) are of purest Persian design...yet it is utterly un-Persian and thoroughly Indian in its spirit.

 

 "The Legacy of Persia" edited Toy A.T.Arbery, Oxford 1955 contains an article entitled "Persia and India" by Goetz.  On page 112 & 113 he says -

 

Taj Mahal is a work of finest Sufavid taste....

 

(3) Weekly Prajwalantof Nagpur and monthly Ranjan of 26/406 Kannamwar Nagar 1, Bombay 400 083 are going to publish our research findings, regularly.

 

(4) We do have a Tourist Guide at Fatchpur Sikri.  His name is Kalicharan

Dubey, and he is found in the Roadways Canteen.

 

(5) A Kalyan Raman's "ARYATARANGINI" says in Vol I, page 164 "Kalhana says in his RAJATRAI'TGINI that in the 6th century A.D a king of Kashmir made a special pilgrimage to Mecca and. offered worship on Shiva. ...Blackstone was an object of Hindu worship..."  We looked in the English and French translations of RAJATARANGINI hut could find no such reference. Kulkarni informed us that in those days Mecca was called Mokshesh or Mokshasthan. For further information refer to –

Supplementary Volume to the Works of William Jones (1801) on the "Hindoo origin of Mecca from Hindu Sacred Scripture" by Lt. Francis Wilford.

 

(6) As time permits a booklet would be published on the Hindoo origin of Mecca and Islam.

 

(7) He has agreed to see Miss Geeta Bhide (Bombay) a high ranking Tourist Guide (see Newsletter No. 4)

 

(8)"Shree" the Marathi weekly from Bombay have allocated a column for Mr Kulkarni.  Circulations of the weekly is about 100,000.  The title would be "True Historical Stories".

 

(9) He would write an article in English on Nana Phadanavis for publication in Itihas Patrika of Thane Branch.

 

 

 

 

6. Dr K. T. Lalwani (01 - 453 3889)

Mr Gary Welch of Harvard University is leading a team of 40 art specialists and conduct a tour of various monuments of India. Dr Lalwani asked us to send copies of our Taj Analysis and Tourist Guide to Taj, to Mr Welch. This was done.

 

7. Mr Mande (0494 - 31246)

Dr Garry Adler teaches Indian History (18th and 19th century) at Reading University.  He recently led a tour of India. Mr Mande read the news in a local newspaper in High Wycombe and informed us. Mr Godbole took up the matter and found that Dr Adler was quite open minded. He has accepted our offer of a conducted tour of monuments in India, next time.

 

He also informed us of some lectures arranged in London by the Society for Architecture, but we could not attend due to British Railways strike.

 

8 Mr B. Patel (01 - 203 4408)

Hindukul or Hindu Cultural Society of London have now agreed to publish an article on Taj by Mr Godbole. Thanks to the efforts of Mr B. Patel. He has also got our Taj Analysis translated and typed in Gujrati.

 

9. Prof Shrivastava (Mew Delhi)

He is writing a book on Veer Savarkar's stay in England. (1906-1910). While in London for his research, he met Mr Godbole. He kindly took with him a large envelope for Mr Oak and. delivered it to him on his return to New Delhi. He has informed, us that the writer Chitragupta of Veer Savarkar's biography in 1927 was none other than C. Rajagopalacharil

 

10. Dr R. Y. Soni (Bombay)

This Professor of Civil Engineering at Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay came to England recently.  During his stay he met Mr Godbole on a number of occasions and became sympathetic to our work. He also met other members - M/s Rakhe, Kulkarni, Pradhan, Mukesh Patel, Dr Shiralkar, Mrs Mande Dr Bhole and- even Dr Bedekar. He has promised, to help us in any way he can.  In particular -

 

1) Contact the son of Professor Gupchup who made private report on Repairs to Taj Mahal in 1943. Mr Godbole has a copy of the report but the plan of Taj Mahal is missing.

 

2) Obtain a copy of "Final Report of the Advisory Committee on the Restoration and Conservation of the Taj Mahal of Agra" (Delhi 1942).

 

3) Prince of Wales Museum, Bombay has a miniature painting of Taj Mahal as seen from riverside. This shows palaces on both sides of Taj (i.e. upstream and downstream). We need full details and if possible, a photograph.  Dr Soni knows the Asstt Curator of the Museum.

 

4) Prepare and. send to Mr Oak slides of salient features of St Pauls, London.

 

5) When in Nagpur meet our Mr Harsharaj Kale, and. Prof S. A. Deshpande of Vishveshwarayya Engg College who is our opponent. We require details of data collected by Prof Deshpande.

6) Donate to our Institute the collection of historical books made by his late brother.

 

7) Arrange our programmes in the I.I.T Campus, whenever possible.

 

 

11. New Members

Dr Shiralkar (General Practitioner), Dr Bhole (Ph.D in Metallergu) and Mr Pradhan (Architect) have now become our life members.  They all have known about Mr Godbole’s work for last few years.  Their addresses are -

 

Dr Vinod Shiralkar

10 St Aiden's Court

Shrewsbury Road.

Birkenhead.

U.K.

(Tel No. 051 - 653 8966)

 

Dr Sanjeevan Bhole

291 Centennial Street

Regina

Saskatchewan  S4S 6W3

Canada

(Tel No. 306 - 5848 348)

 

Mr Arvind Pradhan

15 Westmorland. Road.

N. Harrow

Middx.      Home Tel No. 01 - 863 5738

 U.K.     Office Tel No. 01 - 486 6655 Xn No. 116

 

 

 

Change of Address

Mr Pathak and Mr M. Patel have changed houses.  Their new addresses are

 

 

Mr R. N. Pathak

3 Sllison Gardens

Southall

Middx

U.K.

(Tel No. 01 - 574 6606)

Mr Mukesh Patel

33 Newcombe Road

Luton

Bedfordshire

U.K

(Tel No. 0582 - 22760)

 

12. Our Members - A Breakdown

 

Our Life Members are spread out as follows -

 

Kashmir

Himachal Pradesh

Punjab

Harayana 

Rajasthan

New Delhi

Uttar Pradesh 

Bihar

Assam

Bengal

Madhya Pradesh

Gujrat 

 

Maharashtra

Nagpur     14

Pune         15

Bombay    72

Thane       70

Bhivandi    13

 

Elsewhere 28

-----------------------

Total        212

Note - Bombay, Thane and. Bhivandi are very near to each other, nearly half the members come from this area.

 

Orissa

Andhra Pradesh

Karnatak

Tamilnadu

Pondicherry

Kerala

 

----------------------------------------------------

Members in India

 

Outside India

 

U.K

U.S.A

Canada

Italy

W Germany

Kuwait

Iraq

Fiji Islands

-----------------------------------------------

Members outside India

 

 

Grand Total of all members

 

1

1

1

2

1

16

7

1

0

1

3

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

212

 

 

 

 

0

7

10

3

1

1

 

---------------270

 

 

 

24

8

4

1

1

10

1

1

---------------50

 

 

320

 

 

13. We need. your help.

13.1 Mr K.Kapoor is writing three books namely -

        (A) Origin of Aryans.

        (B) Muslim Conquest of the Indian Sub-Continent. 

        (C) Sankrit - the Mother of all Languages.

 

If you can help by suggesting and. providing references or in any other way please contact him.  His address is -

                      88 Tennyson Road

                      Portswood

                      Southampton

                      U.K.              Tel. No - 0703 - 550900

 

13.2.1 Encyclopaedia Brittanica contains a list of contributors in the alphabetical order. We need to prepare a list according to subjects relevant to us, e.g. Etymology, Ancient India, Islam, Architecture etc.

 

13.2.2 We need a list of important historical societies and historians throughout the world.

 

13.2.3 Race Relations Board prepared a list of ethnic minority societies. But that was in 1976. The list is now hopelessly out of date. We need a list of Hindu Societies in U.K.

 

If you can help please contact Mr Godbole.

 

 

14  Acknowledgement

14.1 Postage for Air Mail letters has now 'become very costly. Following persons took our envelopes and. posted them in India -

Mr G.K.Bhide, Lt. Commander Chidgupkar, & Mrs Parakhi of Poona, Mr Nawathe (Bedford), Miss Malati Kamat, Mr and Mrs Dighe of Bombay and our member Mr Rakhe.

 

14.2 Mr Mukesh Patel paid for the cost of distribution of Newsletter No.8 and the Annual Report 1982.  Mrs B Kulkarni (Farnham, Surrey) has paid for cost of distribution of current newsletter.

 

14.3 Dr Lalwani and. Mr B. Patel continue to help us financially.

 

We are grateful to them all.

 

15 News and Current Affairs.

15.1 Why Bamber Gascoigne matters

We mentioned his bigotry in Newsletter No.6.  Our correspondence was published in Itihas Patrika of Thane branch.  Many people ask - does he really matter?  The answer is yes he does matter: During Festival of India (April - September 1982) the Victoria and. Albert Museum, London arranged a programme entitled "Be prepared."  Though it was meant for teachers Mr Godbole attended. A file of various notes, bulletins etc was given to each participant. Mr Gascoigne's book "The Great Mughals" was at the top of the list of selected reading.

 

Mr David Carroll's book "The Taj Mahal" was published by Readers Digest Association in 1972. Once again Mr Gascoigne’s book appears in the selected bibliography.

 

We circulated copy of the review of John Keay's "India Discovered" (1981) along with Newsletter No.7. Mr Gascoigne's book does appear in the selected bibliography.

 

We would expose the many stupidities in Mr Gascoigne*s book as space allows.

 

15.2 Falkland Islands Affair

Daily Telegraph 5 April 1982.  Reports on the front page - After the invasion the Argentines renamed Port Stanley to Puerto Rivera – Falkland Island was renamed Isla Malvinas (Note - This  is precisely what Muslims did in India). On page 26 we find - "Mr Rex Hunt the British Chief Administrator refused to shake hands with Admiral Carlos Busser the head of the invading marines." (Naughty! Naughty!! Did not the Argentines come to enrich the islander's cultural life? Should, they not have offered their daughters in marriage to the invaders?).

 

Daily Telegraph 6 April reports on page 4 - English will be permitted, to be used. by the Falkland Islanders for the time being, but they would be expected to learn Spanish as the reforms were implemented.

 

Unfortunately the British forces recaptured the islands, if not there would been British-Argentine civilisation on the islands and historians would have told us - Port Stanley was destroyed by the Argentines and Puerto Rivera built on the same site, or would they?

 

15.3 Falsify the History - by order of the Government of Maharashtra

 

It is a well known fact that Prophet Mohammed fled from Mecca to Medina in 622 A.D. Muslims never object to that fact being taught. But in secular India things are quite different. A group of Muslims from Aurangabad complained to Mr Babasaheb Bhosle, the Chief Minister of Maharashtra, that teaching of such facts hurts their religious feelings. Next day an order was passed by the Government of Maharashtra that all the school textbooks must delete the word "fled".  Now it must read "The

Prophet went from Mecca to Medina in 622 A.D."  See Maharashtra Times of Bombay of 9 October 1982. Even Nehru must have been amazed by this capitulation because he in his book "Some Glimpses of the World History" does say that Prophet Mohammed fled from Mecca to Medina.

 

15.4 Newsletter No.8 - A correction.

In 1.6 we said Lord Krishna released many virgins from Jarasandha's prison. We were slightly wrong. Krishna killed Narakasura and liberated thousands of virgins imprisoned by him. Jarasandha was killed by Bhima about 20 years later.

 

15.5. Hindu Motifs on so called Muslim Mosques and Tombs.

A detailed description appears in India Weekly of 25 May 1978. Copy attached for your information.

 

 

Marvels of Moghul Architecture

by K. L. Sharma

 

Moghul art was essentially secular in character. A. K. Coomaraswamy once wrote: "The one great distinction of Moghul from Hindu art is not so much racial as social; the former is an art of court and connoisseurs owing much to individual patronage, the latter belongs as much to the folk as to the kings."

 

The Moghuls were attracted to Hindu temples and statues representing the art tradition of the country. Akbar, the great Moghul emperor, invited master-craftsmen from Gujarat to construct buildings and palaces at Agra and Fatehpur Sikri. These proclaim the glory of the time and of the art tradition and are a tribute to - the master-builders.

 

SECULAR CHARACTER .

The Moghuls accepted in their buildings motifs like Chakra (Wheel) Padma, (Lotus) Srivatsa (a four petal flower), purna-kalash, (pitcher) svastika and gavaksa (Arch or small window). The Kalasha was given a new dimension as depicted in the pot - and foliage symbol, a motif of ornamentation, embellishing Jodhabai's palace at Fatehpur Sikri. the tomb of Itmad-ud-Daulah and the Khas Mahal at Agra. Again it is the kalasha which crowns the Moghul domes and spherical superstructures.

 

The lotus motif was adopted by the Moghuls widely in the buildings of the period to denote ‘life floating on the surface of the creative waters'. This was used with telling effect in the Sultana's palace, the Panch Mahal the tomb of the Sufi saint Salim Chisti and other monumental buildings constructed by Akbar at Fetehpur Sikri. Akbar's own tomb at Sikandara, near Agra, has been embellished with various motifs. The lotus pinnacle was used in the white marble buildings of Shah Jehan; also in the Moti Masjid in the Red Fort in Delhi.

 

Another Hindu form called gavaksa was used in the Jami Masjid of Fatehpur Sikri, in a variety of carved forms, with different flows and themes, mainly occupying the base of the columns. Birbal's palace has this motif on the bases of pilasters. The kirtimukha or the face of glory crowning the apex of the gavaksa appeared in the buildings at Fatehpur Sikri and in Agra Fort.

 

Another motif was the Svastika a solar symbol indicating “the path of the sun across the heaven". It served as the key motif in Salim Chisti's tomb. There were other symbols like Srivasta which is represented "by a flower of four petals arranged in the form of a rhombus or by a simple equilateral triangle". The chain-and- bell motif, an ornament of Hindu temples, was used in the buildings in Fatehpur Sikri.

 

Satkona (heptagon) was a symbolic motif used, with a dot in the centre or a lotus inside it. It was used first at the Humayun's tomb in Delhi. Satkona was also depicted on Akbar'a personal armour.

 

FUSION

The glory of the Moghul architecture reached its pinnacle with the construction of the Tai Mahal at Agra, which Rabindranath Tagore described as a  'tear on the face of eternity'. This architecture, with its grandeur and extensiveness, is a fusion of the Hindu and Muslim styles, each contributing its strength to the other.

 

Islamic art has been distinguished for the unity it derived from Arabia. As it has no symbolism, it is essentially an art, of colour and line, of decorations and ornamentations. Its main characteristics are the radiating arch, the dome, the squinch and the stalactite. Its themes of ornamentation include geometric designs,

calligraphic art and the arabesque.

 

The arabesque normally consists of shoots either spilt or bifurcated leaves on inorganic tendrils. It was used on the Maqsura screen of the Quwwat'ul Islam Mosque in Delhi. The stalactite or the honeycomb motif gave symmetry of lines and is a super-imposition of several ranks of cell-like niches called mukarnas. A notable example of this is at Chini-ka Rauza near the tomb of Itimad-ud-Daulah.

 

Geometrical designs were used extensively in Humayun’s tomb at Delhi, and at Jam; Masjid at Fatehpur Sikri. It is to the glory of the Moghul geometer that he designed such a profusion of patterns, subtle and intricate and gorgeous in conception. These were used to break the monotony. Itimad-ud-DauIah's tomb has hexagonal, octagonal, decagonal and dodecagonal patterns in marble mosaic.

 

During the reign of Shah Jehan naturalistic forms were developed. These were mostly plants with leaves and flowers in remarkable inlaid designs. The floral compositions were graceful and unique as m the tomb of Itimad-ud-Daulah.

 

Depiction of animal motifs started with Akbar. His buildings often had brackets with elephant heads or carved elephants, and parrots, ducks and peacocks. This flourished during the time of Jehangir but petered out during the reign of Shah Jehan.

 

The Moghul art also used curved motifs resembling scrolls, spirals or waves. The wave was a fundamental principle of Chinese art which was adopted in India along with the Chinese dragon. Chinese cloud-forms were used in Akbar's buildings and at his tomb at Sikandara.

 

The development of the decorative art in architecture reached heights of accomplishment. during the reign of Jehangir. The animal and plant studies by Mansur, Murad and Manohar and miniature paintings as well as calligraphic works of great distinction are the hallmarks of this period.

 

India Weekly 25 May 1978